雨果 悲惨世界 英文版2-第87章

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ary　to　labor；　mingle　gratuitous　and　pulsory　education　with　the　growth　of　childhood；　and　make　of　science　the　base　of　manliness；　develop　minds　while　keeping　arms　busy；　be　at　one　and　the　same　time　a　powerful　people　and　a　family　of　happy　men；　render　property　democratic；　not　by　abolishing　it；　but　by　making　it　universal；　so　that　every　citizen；　without　exception；　may　be　a　proprietor；　an　easier　matter　than　is　generally　supposed；　in　two　words；　learn　how　to　produce　wealth　and　how　to　distribute　it；　and　you　will　have　at　once　moral　and　material　greatness；　and　you　will　be　worthy　to　call　yourself　France。
　　This　is　what　socialism　said　outside　and　above　a　few　sects　which　have　gone　astray；　that　is　what　it　sought　in　facts；　that　is　what　it　sketched　out　in　minds。
　　Efforts　worthy　of　admiration！
　　Sacred　attempts！
　　These　doctrines；　these　theories；　these　resistances；　the　unforeseen　necessity　for　the　statesman　to　take　philosophers　into　account；　confused　evidences　of　which　we　catch　a　glimpse；　a　new　system　of　politics　to　be　created；　which　shall　be　in　accord　with　the　old　world　without　too　much　disaccord　with　the　new　revolutionary　ideal；　a　situation　in　which　it　became　necessary　to　use　Lafayette　to　defend　Polignac；　the　intuition　of　progress　transparent　beneath　the　revolt；　the　chambers　and　streets；　the　petitions　to　be　brought　into　equilibrium　around　him；　his　faith　in　the　Revolution；　perhaps　an　eventual　indefinable　resignation　born　of　the　vague　acceptance　of　a　superior　definitive　right；　his　desire　to　remain　of　his　race；　his　domestic　spirit；　his　sincere　respect　for　the　people；　his　own　honesty；　preoccupied　Louis　Philippe　almost　painfully；　and　there　were　moments　when　strong　and　courageous　as　he　was；　he　was　overwhelmed　by　the　difficulties　of　being　a　king。
　　He　felt　under　his　feet　a　formidable　disaggregation；　which　was　not；　nevertheless；　a　reduction　to　dust；　France　being　more　France　than　ever。
　　Piles　of　shadows　covered　the　horizon。
　　A　strange　shade；　gradually　drawing　nearer；　extended　little　by　little　over　men；　over　things；　over　ideas；　a　shade　which　came　from　wraths　and　systems。　Everything　which　had　been　hastily　stifled　was　moving　and　fermenting。　At　times　the　conscience　of　the　honest　man　resumed　its　breathing；　so　great　was　the　disfort　of　that　air　in　which　sophisms　were　intermingled　with　truths。
　　Spirits　trembled　in　the　social　anxiety　like　leaves　at　the　approach　of　a　storm。
　　The　electric　tension　was　such　that　at　certain　instants；　the　first　er；　a　stranger；　brought　light。
　　Then　the　twilight　obscurity　closed　in　again。　At　intervals；　deep　and　dull　mutterings　allowed　a　judgment　to　be　formed　as　to　the　quantity　of　thunder　contained　by　the　cloud。
　　Twenty　months　had　barely　elapsed　since　the　Revolution　of　July；　the　year　1832　had　opened　with　an　aspect　of　something　impending　and　threatening。
　　The　distress　of　the　people；　the　laborers　without　bread；　the　last　Prince　de　Conde　engulfed　in　the　shadows；　Brussels　expelling　the　Nassaus　as　Paris　did　the　Bourbons；　Belgium　offering　herself　to　a　French　Prince　and　giving　herself　to　an　English　Prince；　the　Russian　hatred　of　Nicolas；　behind　us　the　demons　of　the　South；　Ferdinand　in　Spain；　Miguel　in　Portugal；　the　earth　quaking　in　Italy；　Metternich　extending　his　hand　over　Bologna；　France　treating　Austria　sharply　at　Ancona；　at　the　North　no　one　knew　what　sinister　sound　of　the　hammer　nailing　up　Poland　in　her　coffin；　irritated　glances　watching　France　narrowly　all　over　Europe；　England；　a　suspected　ally；　ready　to　give　a　push　to　that　which　was　tottering　and　to　hurl　herself　on　that　which　should　fall；　the　peerage　sheltering　itself　behind　Beccaria　to　refuse　four　heads　to　the　law；　the　fleurs…de…lys　erased　from　the　King's　carriage；　the　cross　torn　from　Notre　Dame；　Lafayette　lessened；　Laffitte　ruined；　Benjamin　Constant　dead　in　indigence；　Casimir　Perier　dead　in　the　exhaustion　of　his　power；　political　and　social　malady　breaking　out　simultaneously　in　the　two　capitals　of　the　kingdom；　the　one　in　the　city　of　thought；　the　other　in　the　city　of　toil；　at　Paris　civil　war；　at　Lyons　servile　war；　in　the　two　cities；　the　same　glare　of　the　furnace；　a　crater…like　crimson　on　the　brow　of　the　people；　the　South　rendered　fanatic；　the　West　troubled；　the　Duchesse　de　Berry　in　la　Vendee；　plots；　conspiracies；　risings；　cholera；　added　the　sombre　roar　of　tumult　of　events　to　the　sombre　roar　of　ideas。


BOOK　FIRST。A　FEW　PAGES　OF　HISTORY
CHAPTER　V　
　　FACTS　WHENCE　HISTORY　SPRINGS　AND　WHICH　HISTORY　IGNORES
　　　Towards　the　end　of　April；　everything　had　bee　aggravated。　The　fermentation　entered　the　boiling　state。
　　Ever　since　1830；　petty　partial　revolts　had　been　going　on　here　and　there；　which　were　quickly　suppressed；　but　ever　bursting　forth　afresh；　the　sign　of　a　vast　underlying　conflagration。
　　Something　terrible　was　in　preparation。
　　Glimpses　could　be　caught　of　the　features　still　indistinct　and　imperfectly　lighted；　of　a　possible　revolution。　France　kept　an　eye　on　Paris；　Paris　kept　an　eye　on　the　Faubourg　Saint…Antoine。
　　The　Faubourg　Saint…Antoine；　which　was　in　a　dull　glow；　was　beginning　its　ebullition。
　　The　wine…shops　of　the　Rue　de　Charonne　were；　although　the　union　of　the　two　epithets　seems　singular　when　applied　to　wine…shops；　grave　and　stormy。
　　The　government　was　there　purely　and　simply　called　in　question。　There　people　publicly　discussed　the　question　of　fighting　or　of　keeping　quiet。
　　There　were　back　shops　where　workingmen　were　made　to　swear　that　they　would　hasten　into　the　street　at　the　first　cry　of　alarm；　and　〃that　they　would　fight　without　counting　the　number　of　the　enemy。〃　This　engagement　once　entered　into；　a　man　seated　in　the　corner　of　the　wine…shop　〃assumed　a　sonorous　tone；〃　and　said；　〃You　understand！　You　have　sworn！〃
　　Sometimes　they　went　up　stairs；　to　a　private　room　on　the　first　floor；　and　there　scenes　that　were　almost　masonic　were　enacted。
　　They　made　the　initiated　take　oaths　to　render　service　to　himself　as　well　as　to　the　fathers　of　families。
　　That　was　the　formula。
　　In　the　tap…rooms；　〃subversive〃　pamphlets　were　read。
　　They　treated　the　government　with　contempt；　says　a　secret　report　of　that　time。
　　Words　like　the　following　could　be　heard　there：
　　〃I　don't　know　the　names　of　the　leaders。
　　We　folks　shall　not　know　the　day　until　two　hours　beforehand。〃
　　One　workman　said：　〃There　are　three　hundred　of　us；　let　each　contribute　ten　sous；　that　will　make　one　hundred　and　fifty　francs　with　which　to　procure　powder　and　shot。〃
　　Another　said：
　　〃I　don't　ask　for　six　months；　I　don't　ask　for　even　two。　In　less　than　a　fortnight　we　shall　be　parallel　with　the　government。　With　twenty…five　thousand　men　we　can　face　them。〃
　　Another　said：　〃I　don't　sleep　at　night；　because　I　make　cartridges　all　night。〃　From　time　to　time；　men　〃of　bourgeois　appearance；　and　in　good　coats〃　came　and　〃caused　embarrassment；〃　and　with　the　air　of　〃mand；〃　shook　hands　with　the　most　important；　and　then　went　away。
　　They　never　stayed　more　than　ten　minutes。
　　Significant　remarks　were　exchanged　in　a　low　tone：
　　〃The　plot　is　ripe；　the　matter　is　arranged。〃
　　〃It　was　murmured　by　all　who　were　there；〃　to　borrow　the　very　expression　of　one　of　those　who　were　present。
　　The　exaltation　was　such　that　one　day；　a　workingman　exclaimed；　efore　the　whole　wine…shop：　〃We　have　no　arms！〃　One　of　his　rades　replied：
　　〃The　soldiers　have！〃　thus　parodying　without　being　aware　of　the　fact；　Bonaparte's　proclamation　to　the　army　in　Italy：
　　〃When　they　had　anything　of　a　more　secret　nature　on　hand；〃　adds　one　report；　〃they　did　not　municate　it　to　each　other。〃　It　is　not　easy　to　understand　what　they　could　conceal　after　what　they　said。
　　These　reunions　were　sometimes　periodical。
　　At　certain　ones　of　them；　there　were　never　more　than　eight　or　ten　persons　present；　and　they　were　always　the　same。
　　In　others；　any　one　entered　who　wished；　and　the　room　was　so　full　that　they　were　forced　to　stand。　Some　went　thither　through　enthusiasm　and　passion；　others　because　it　was　on　their　way　to　their　work。
　　As　during　the　Revolution；　there　were　patriotic　women　in　some　of　these　wine…shops　who　embraced　new…ers。
　　Other　expressive　facts　came　to　light。
　　A　man　would　enter　a　shop；　drink；　and　go　his　way　with　the　remark：　〃Wine…merchant；　the　revolution　will　pay　what　is　due　to　you。〃
　　Revolutionary　agents　were　appointed　in　a　wine…shop　facing　the　Rue　de　Charonne。
　　The　balloting　was　carried　on　in　their　caps。
　　Workingmen　met　at　the　house　of　a　fencing…master　who　gave　lessons　in　the　Rue　de　Cotte。
　　There　there　was　a　trophy　of　arms　formed　of　wooden　broadswords；　canes；　clubs；　and　foils。
　　One　day；　the　buttons　were　removed　from　the　foils。
　　A　workman　said：
　　〃There　are　twenty…five　of　us；　but　they　don't　count　on　me；　because　I　am　looked　upon　as　a　machine。〃
　　Later　on；　that　machine　became　Quenisset。
　　The　indefinite　things　which　were　brewing　gradually　acquired　a　strange　and　indescribable　notoriety。
　　A　woman　sweeping　off　her　doorsteps　said　to　another　woman：
　　〃For　a　long　time；　there　has　been　a　strong　force　busy　making　cartridges。〃
　　In　the　open　street；　proclamation　could　be　seen　addressed　to　the　National　Guard　in　the　departments。　One　of　these　proclamations　was　signed：
　　Burtot；　wine…merchant。
　　One　day　a　man　with　his　beard　worn　like　a　collar　and　with