屋顶间的哲学家_梭维斯特-第1章

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睄鎺ㄨ崘璇峰埌銆婂眿椤堕棿鐨勫摬瀛﹀�躲�嬩笓棰樼綉鍧�http：///waiwen/487/　
　　锛屾渶鏈夋枃鑹烘皵鎭�鐨勬枃瀛︾綉绔欙紝鎻愪緵缁忓吀鐨勬枃瀛﹀悕钁椼�佹�︿緺灏忚�淬�佽█鎯呭皬璇淬�佷汉鏂囩ぞ绉戠被涔︾睄鍦ㄧ嚎闃呰�伙紝鎵�鏈塗XT鐢靛瓙涔︽墜鏈哄厤璐逛笅杞介槄璇伙紝鎴戜滑鎻愪緵缁欐偍鐨勫皬璇翠笉姹傛渶澶氾紝浣嗘眰鏈�缁忓吀鏈�瀹屾暣



　Preface

　　　　emilesouvestre

　　　　noonesucceedsinobtainingaprominentplaceinliterature；orinsurroundinghimselfwithafaithfulandsteadycircleofadmirersdrawnfromtheficklemassesofthepublic；unlesshepossessesoriginality；constantvariety；andadistinctpersonality。itisquitepossibletogainforamomentafewreadersbyimitatingsomeoriginalfeatureinanother；butthesesoonvanishandthewriterremainsaloneandforgotten。others；again；withoutbelongingtoanydistinctgroupofauthors；havingfoundtheirstandardinthemselves；moralistsandeducatorsatthesametime；haveobtainedundyingrecognition。

　　　　ofthelatterclass；thoughlittleknownoutsideoffrance；isemilesouvestre；whowasborninmorlaix；april15；1806；anddiedatparisjuly5；1854。hewasthesonofacivilengineer；waseducatedatthecollegeofpontivy；andintendedtofollowhisfatherscareerbyenteringthepolytechnicschool。hisfather；however；diedin1823；andsouvestrematriculatedasalaw…studentatrennes。buttheyoungstudentsoondevotedhimselfentirelytoliterature。hisfirstessay；atragedy；lesiegedemissolonghi（1828）；wasapronouncedfailure。disheartenedanddisgustedheleftparisandestablishedhimselffirstasalawyerinmorlaix。thenhebecameproprietorofanewspaper；andwasafterwardappointedaprofessorinbrestandinmulhouse。in1836hecontributedtotherevuedesdeuxmondessomesketchesoflifeinbrittany；whichobtainedabrilliantsuccess。souvestrewassoonmadeeditoroflarevuedeparis；andinconsequenceearlyfoundapublisherforhisfirstnovel；lechelledefemmes；which；aswasthecasewithhissecondwork；richeetpauvre；metwithaveryfavorablereception。hisreputationwasnowmade；andbetweenthisperiodandhisdeathhegavetofranceaboutsixtyvolumes鈥斺�攖ales；novels；essays；history；anddrama。

　　　　adoublepurposewasalwaysveryconspicuousinhisbooks：heaspiredtotheroleofamoralistandeducator；andwaslikewiseamostimpressivepainterofthelife；character；andmoralsoftheinhabitantsofbrittany。

　　　　themostsignificantofhisbooksareperhapslesderniersbretons（1835…1837；4vols。）；pierrelandais（1843；2vols。）；lefoyerbreton（1844；2vols。）；unphilosophesonslestoits；crownedbytheacademy（1850）；confessionsdunouvrier（1851）；recitsetsouvenirs（1853）；souvenirsdunvieillard（1854）；alsolabretagnepittoresque（1845）；and；finally；causerieshistoriquesetlitteraires（1854；2vols。）。hisediesdeservehonorablemention：henrihamelin；lonclebaptiste（1842）；laparisienne；lemousse；etc。in1848；souvestrewasappointedprofessorofthenewlycreatedschoolofadministration；mostlydevotedtopopularlectures。heheldthisposttill1853；lecturingpartlyinparis；partlyinswitzerland。

　　　　hisdeath；whenparativelyyoung；leftadistinctgapintheliteraryworld。alifelikehiscouldnotbeextinguishedwithoutgeneralsorrow。

　　　　althoughhewasundulymodest；andneveraspiredtotheroleofabeacon…lightinliterature；alwaysseekingtoremaininobscurity；theworksofemilesouvestremustbeplacedinthefirstrankbytheirmoralityandbytheirinstructivecharacter。theywillalwaysmandtheentirerespectandapplauseofmankind。andthusithappensthat；likemanyothers；hewasonlyfullyappreciatedafterhisdeath。

　　　　eventhoseofhisconfrereswhodidnotseemtoesteemhim；whenalive；suddenlyfoundoutthattheyhadexperiencedagreatlossinhisdemise。

　　　　theyexpresseditinemotionalpanegyrcs；contemporaneousliteraturediscoveredthatvirtuehadflownfromitsbosom；andthefrenchacademy；whichhadatitspropertimecrownedhisphilosophesonslestoitsasaworkcontributingsupremelytomorals；kepthismemorygreenbybestowingonhiswidowthe〃prixlambert；〃designedforthe〃familiesofauthorswhobytheirintegrity；andbytheprobityoftheireffortshavewelldeservedthistokenfromtherepubliquedeslettres。〃

　　　　josephbertrand



　CHAPTER　I

　　　　new…yearsgifts

　　　　january1st

　　　　thedayofthemonthcameintomymindassoonasiawoke。anotheryearisseparatedfromthechainofages；anddropsintothegulfofthepast！

　　　　thecrowdhastentoweleheryoungsister。butwhilealllooksareturnedtowardthefuture；minereverttothepast。everyonesmilesuponthenewqueen；but；inspiteofmyself；ithinkofherwhomtimehasjustwrappedinherwinding…sheet。thepastyear！鈥斺�攁tleastiknowwhatshewas；andwhatshehasgivenme；whilethisoneessurroundedbyalltheforebodingsoftheunknown。whatdoesshehideinthecloudsthatmantleher？isitthestormorthesunshine？justnowitrains；andifeelmymindasgloomyasthesky。ihaveaholidaytoday；butwhatcanonedoonarainyday？iwalkupanddownmyatticoutoftemper；andideterminetolightmyfire。

　　　　unfortunatelythematchesarebad；thechimneysmokes；thewoodgoesout！

　　　　ithrowdownmybellowsindisgust；andsinkintomyoldarmchair。

　　　　intruth；whyshouldirejoicetoseethebirthofanewyear？allthosewhoarealreadyinthestreets；withholidaylooksandsmilingfaces鈥斺�攄otheyunderstandwhatmakesthemsogay？dotheyevenknowwhatisthemeaningofthisholiday；orwhenceesthecustomofnew…yearsgifts？

　　　　heremymindpausestoprovetoitselfitssuperiorityoverthatofthevulgar。imakeaparenthesisinmyill…temperinfavorofmyvanity；andibringtogetheralltheevidencewhichmyknowledgecanproduce。

　　　　（theoldromansdividedtheyearintotenmonthsonly；itwasnumapompiliuswhoaddedjanuaryandfebruary。theformertookitsnamefromjanus；towhomitwasdedicated。asitopenedthenewyear；theysurroundeditsbeginningwithgoodomens；andthencecamethecustomofvisitsbetweenneighbors；ofwishinghappiness；andofnew…yearsgifts。

　　　　thepresentsgivenbytheromansweresymbolic。theyconsistedofdryfigs；dates；honeyb；asemblemsof〃thesweetnessoftheauspicesunderwhichtheyearshouldbeginitscourse；〃andasmallpieceofmoneycalledstips；whichforebodedriches。）

　　　　hereiclosetheparenthesis；andreturntomyill…humor。thelittlespeechihavejustaddressedtomyselfhasrestoredmemyself…satisfaction；butmadememoredissatisfiedwithothers。icouldnowenjoymybreakfast；buttheportresshasforgottenmymorningsmilk；andthepotofpreservesisempty！anyoneelsewouldhavebeenvexed：asforme；iaffectthemostsupremeindifference。thereremainsahardcrust；whichibreakbymainstrength；andwhichicarelesslynibble；asamanfarabovethevanitiesoftheworldandoffreshrolls。

　　　　however；idonotknowwhymythoughtsshouldgrowmoregloomybyreasonofthedifficultiesofmastication。ioncereadthestoryofanenglishmanwhohangedhimselfbecausetheyhadbroughthimhisteawithoutsugar。therearehoursinlifewhenthemosttriflingcrosstakestheformofacalamity。ourtempersarelikeanopera…glass；whichmakestheobjectsmallorgreataccordingtotheendyoulookthrough。

　　　　usually；theprospectthatopensoutbeforemywindowdelightsme。itisamountain…rangeofroofs；withridgescrossing；interlacing；andpiledononeanother；anduponwhichtallchimneysraisetheirpeaks。itwasbutyesterdaythattheyhadanalpineaspecttome；andiwaitedforthefirstsnowstormtoseeglaciersamongthem；to…day；ionlyseetilesandstoneflues。thepigeons；whichassistedmyruralillusions；seemnomorethanmiserablebirdswhichhavemistakentheroofforthebackyard；thesmoke；whichrisesinlightclouds；insteadofmakingmedreamofthepantingofvesuvius；remindsmeofkitchenpreparationsanddishwater；andlastly；thetelegraph；thatiseefaroffontheoldtowerofmontmartre；hastheeffectofavilegallowsstretchingitsarmsoverthecity。

　　　　myeyes；thushurtbyalltheymeet；falluponthegreatmanshousewhichfacesmyattic。

　　　　theinfluenceofnew…yearsdayisvisiblethere。theservantshaveanairofeagernessproportionedtothevalueoftheirnew…yearsgifts；receivedorexpected。iseethemasterofthehousecrossingthecourtwiththemoroselookofamanwhoisforcedtobegenerous；andthevisitorsincrease；followedbyshopporterswhocarryflowers；bandboxes；ortoys。suddenlythegreatgatesareopened；andanewcarriage；drawnbythoroughbredhorses；drawsupbeforethedoorsteps。theyare；withoutdoubt；thenew…yearsgiftpresentedtothemistressofthehousebyherhusband；forsheesherselftolookatthenewequipage。verysoonshegetsintoitwithalittlegirl；allstreamingwithlaces；feathersandvelvets；andloadedwithparcelswhichshegoestodistributeasnew…yearsgifts。thedoorisshut；thewindowsaredrawnup；thecarriagesetsoff。

　　　　thusalltheworldareexchanginggoodwishesandpresentsto…day。ialonehavenothingtogiveortoreceive。poorsolitary！idonotevenknowonechosenbeingforwhomimightofferaprayer。

　　　　thenletmywishesforahappynewyeargoandseekoutallmyunknownfriends鈥斺�攍ostinthemultitudewhichmurmursliketheoceanatmyfeet！

　　　　toyoufirst；hermitsincities；forwhomdeathandpovertyhavecreatedasolitudeinthemidstofthecrowd！unhappylaborers；whoarecondemnedtotoilinmelancholy；andeatyourdailybreadinsilenceanddesertion；andwhomgodhaswithdrawnfromtheintoxicatingpangsofloveandfriendship！

　　　　toyou；fonddreamers；whopassthroughlifewithyoureyesturnedtowardsomepolarstar；whileyoutreadwithindifferenceovertherichharvestsofreality！

　　　　toyou；honestfathers；wholengthenouttheeveningtomaintainyourfamilies！toyou；poorwidows；weepingandworkingbyacradle！toyou；youngmen；resolutelysettoopenforyourselvesapathinlife；largeenoughtoleadthroughitthewifeofyourchoice！toyou；allbravesoldiersofworkandofself…sacrifice！

　　　　toyou；lastly；whateveryourtitleandyourname；wholovegood；whopitythesuffering；whowalkthroughtheworldlikethesymbolicalvirginofbyzantium；withbotharmsopentothehumanrace！

　　　　hereiamsuddenlyinterruptedbyloudandincreasingchirpings。ilookaboutme：mywindowissurroundedwithsparrowspickingupthecrumbsofbreadwhichinmybrownstudyihadjustscatteredontheroof。atthissightaflashoflightbrokeuponmysaddenedheart。ideceivedmyselfjustnow；wheniplainedthatihadnothingtogive：thankstome；thesparrowsofthispartofthetownwillhav