40天攻克大学英语四级-第51章
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s it was found to be covered in living growths； a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea。
Within a few years oceanography was under way。 In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition； which lasted four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea。 Their classification and analysis ocomupied scientists for years and led to a five…volume report； the last volume being published in 1895。
31。 The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on _______。
A） an academic aspect B） a military aspect
C） a business aspect D） an international aspect
32。 It was _______ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies。
A） the American Navy
B） some early intercontinental travelers
C） those who earned a living from the sea
D） the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable
33。 The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840 was _______。
A） to make some sounding experiments in the oceans
B） to collect sample of sea plants and animals
C） to estimate the length of cable that was needed
D） to measure the depths of the two oceans
34。 “defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “_______”。
A） supported B） gave proof to C） challenged D） agreed to
35。 This passage is mainly about _______。
A） the beginnings of oceanography
B） the laying of the first undersea cable
C） the investigation of ocean depths
D） the early intercontinental communications
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40are based on the following passage。
People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship。 Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic（预言的）because a few have come true； they neglect of fail to notice the many that have not。
Consider also the belief that “the phone always rings when I’m in the shower。” If it does ring while you are in the shower； the event will stand out and be remembered。 If it doesn’t ring while you are in the shower； that nonevent probably won’t even register（留下印象）。
People want to see order； pattern and meaning in the world。 Consider； for example； the common belief that things like personal misfortunes； plane crashes； and deaths “happen in threes。” Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time that counts as their “happening together” is one month； if three crashes ocomur in a year； the period of time is stretched。 Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs。
We also tend to believe what we want to believe。 A majority of people thinks they are more intelligent； more fair…minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person。 Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably is that we use criteria that work to our advantage。 As economist Thomas Schelling explains； “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values： careful drivers give weight to care； skilled drivers give weight to skill； and those who are polite give weight to courtesy。” This way everyone ranks high on his own scale。
Perhaps the most important mental habit we can learn is to be cautious（谨慎的）in drawing conclusions。 The “evidence” of every day life is sometimes misleading。
36。 In the first paragraph the author states that _______。
A） dreams cannot be said to be prophetic even though a few have come true
B） dreams are prophetic because some of them did come true
C） dreams may come true if clearly remembered
D） dreams and reality are closely related
37。 By “things like…” “happen in threes” （Para。3；Line2）； the author indicates that people believe _______。
A） personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and then
B） personal misfortunes； plane crashes； and deaths usually happen together
C） misfortunes tend to ocomur acomording to certain patterns
D） misfortunes will never ocomur more than three times to a person in his lifetime
38。 The word “courtesy” （Para。4；Line 6） probably means _______。
A） good manners B） friendly relations
C） appropriate speech D） satisfactory service
39。 What can be inferred from the passage？
A） Happenings that go unnoticed deserve more attention。
B） In a series of misfortunes the third one is usually the most serious。
C） People tend to make use of evidence that supports their own beliefs。
D） Believers of misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in interpreting events。
40。 It can be concluded from the passage that _______。
A） there is some truth even in the wildest dreams
B） one should take notice of other people’s merits
C） there is no order or pattern in world events
D） we should not base our conclusions on acomidental evidence
Part III Vocabulary （20 minutes）
Directions There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part。 For each sentence there are four choices marked A）； B）； C） and D）。 Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence。 Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre。
41。 Glass may _______ at high temperature。
A） dissolve B） disappear C） soften D） melt
42。 Everyone is encouraged to _______ food or clothing for those who suffered a great deal in the flood。
A） attribute B） distribute C） contribute D） drift
43。 White teeth are a sharp _______ to black skin。
A） content B） contract C） contrast D） contain
44。 It is kind of you to ________ my children when I am away。
A） look after B） take after C） look in D） take in
45。 Tom is _______ about photography。 He spends nearly all his money on it。
A） justice B） innocent C） fierce D） crazy
46。 Careful planning and hard work will _______ our final sucomess。
A） enclose B） ensure C） discharge D） deny
47。 There are _______ approaches to English teaching。 But not all of them are equally efficient for our Chinese students。
A） double B） joint C） original D） diverse
48。 I could have _______ such a situation but I didn’t。
A） forecast B） overcome C） shed D） urged
49。 I prefer a _______ typewriter to an automatic one。
A） mechanic B） manual C） merchant D） mental
50。 Professor Smith _______the most important part in his paper。
A） omitted B） disputed C） designed D） chased
51。 Physically we feel comfortable。 But _______； we suffer a lot。
A） psychologically B） moderately C） naturally D） precisely
52。 When he retired； his son _______ the business。
A） took over B） took off C） took in D） took up
53。 They _______ our house at 10；000。
A） count B） estimate C） value D） assess
54。 When he studied at college； Jack was supported by a _______。
A） treatment B） assistance C） scholarship D） award
55。 You are very _______ to take the trouble to help me。 I can not thank you enough。
A） reasonable B） essential C） thoughtful D） considerable
56。 He wants to _______ his appointment from Monday to Wednesday。
A） transfer B） decay C） advance D） postpone
57。 This is what I could do。 There is no other _______ for me。
A） change B） shift C） alternate D） alternative
58。 Please be _______。 Your question is too general。
A） limited B） narrow C） specific D） thorough
59。 ____ to meet anybody； he went in from the back door。
A） Not wishing B） Wishing C） Not wished D） No wishing
60。 _____ right now； she would get there on Sunday。
A） Would she leave B） Were she to leave C） If she leaves D） If she had left
61。 She was eager to persuade him to go with her but met with flat _______。
A） disapproval B） rejection C） refusal D） decline
62。 He has two sons； _____ work as chemists。
A） two of whom B） both of whom C） both of which D） all of whom
63。 When you buy the spare parts for your car； try to get the _______ ones from the authorized dealer。
A） genuine B） generous C） genius D） gentle
64。 Great Britain and France will hold a _______ regarding some European economic problems。
A） conference B） reference C） conversion D） cooperation
65。 They ______ in writing a book on radioactive substance。
A） cooperated B） collaborated C） collapsed D） operated
66。 A man makes ______ for his
